New dynamics in international relations reflect the complexity of interactions between countries in the era of globalization. In this context, several key factors influence changes in relationship patterns, including the emergence of new powers, technology, and global issues such as climate change and economic inequality. First, emerging powers such as China and India have changed the global power architecture. China, through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is expanding its influence in Asia, Africa and Europe. With infrastructure investment, China not only strengthens its economy but also creates economic dependence on partner countries. Meanwhile, India is developing strategic ties with Western countries, seeking to become a regional leader in the Indo-Pacific, which makes competition with China even sharper. Second, information and communication technology plays an important role in international relations. Social media and digital platforms allow countries to communicate and collaborate more efficiently, but also raise new challenges, such as the spread of fake news and cyber warfare. Countries are now faced with the need to protect sensitive data and critical infrastructure from cyber attacks. Furthermore, the issue of climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing the world today. Countries must work together to reduce carbon emissions and address environmental impacts. Agreements such as the Paris Agreement demonstrate multilateral efforts to address this issue. Inequalities in the impacts of climate change encourage developing countries to demand more attention from developed countries in terms of financing and technology. Economic inequality is also a major highlight. Tensions between rich and poor countries, especially in the context of vaccine distribution during the COVID-19 pandemic, have highlighted global injustice. Rich countries are expected to commit more to helping less fortunate countries, creating stronger global solidarity. Geopolitical zones have also changed. Tensions in the South China Sea and the conflict in Ukraine show that international stability depends largely on the way major powers interact. Diplomacy and dialogue are very important to prevent greater conflict. Additionally, international organizations such as the UN and NATO face challenges in responding to these issues effectively. In-depth analysis of the foreign policies of major powers has now become essential to understand these dynamics. The United States’ policies toward China and Russia show how large countries compete with each other for influence. The “America First” approach associated with Donald Trump is having an impact on bilateral relations, while Biden’s policies seek to re-engage traditional allies while keeping strategic rivalries in check. Finally, civil society participation in international relations is increasing. NGOs and social movements play an important role in advocating for issues such as human rights and the environment. Their voices are increasingly heard in international forums, helping to bring attention to issues often ignored by major powers. The new dynamics in international relations herald a more complex era, where cooperation and competition go hand in hand. A deep understanding of this global context is essential for formulating effective and responsive foreign policy.