Recent Developments in Conflict in the Middle East
Conflict in the Middle East continues to change, with new dynamics emerging along with political and social developments. One of the main issues is tension between Israel and Palestine, which is increasingly heating up after attacks that occurred in 2023. Israel’s military actions in the Gaza Strip caused thousands of casualties, including civilians, and sparked international condemnation. Supported by several countries, Israel continues to adhere to a policy of ‘zero tolerance’ towards rocket attacks from armed groups such as Hamas.
In this context, regional molecules come into play. Relations between Arab countries and Israel began to improve after the normalization agreement, but this did not resolve the Palestinian conflict. On the other hand, amidst economic and diplomatic interdependence, there has been a shift in opinion in Arab countries which criticizes the treatment of the Palestinian people. For example, countries such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates are starting to respond more critically to ongoing violence.
The situation in Syria has also exacerbated tensions. After more than a decade of civil war, this conflict involves international powers, including Russia and the US. The struggle for territorial control between the Syrian government and opposition groups, coupled with the still active presence of ISIS, suggests that stability is still far from reach. In the north, Türkiye’s intervention demonstrated dissatisfaction with the Kurds, whom Ankara considered a threat.
Further east, tensions between Iran and western countries, especially the US, persist. The issue of Iran’s nuclear program has become a focal point that has sparked debate. Despite diplomatic efforts, such as negotiating a nuclear agreement, distrust between either side hinders progress. The threat of sanctions and military response remains an option being considered by each country.
In Yemen, the civil war continues, with Saudi intervention seeking to dislodge the Houthis, who have support from Iran. The humanitarian crisis in Yemen is worsening, with many civilians displaced and food shortages. UN-driven settlement efforts have also reached an impasse, with each side remaining in its respective positions.
In a social context, the wave of protests in several countries such as Lebanon and Iraq shows people’s dissatisfaction with corruption and injustice. These demonstrations have often resulted in violence, with impacts on social and political stability in the region. The people want fundamental reform, but structural challenges in the current government are a major obstacle.
Therefore, the conclusion that can be drawn from recent developments in the Middle East is the complexity and uncertainty that continue to surround this region. With many domestic and international actors involved, and a variety of conflicting political interests, the prospect of peace in the Middle East remains a major challenge that requires deeper collective and diplomatic efforts.